WED 寫過他的專業統計之訃文
The World of Deming 有三篇
ootc 「SHEWHART」的搜尋結果
第 vii 頁
Dr. Deming has received numerous other awards, including the Shewhart Medal from the American Society for Quality Control in 1956 and the Samuel S. Wilks ...
Dr. Deming has received numerous other awards, including the Shewhart Medal from the American Society for Quality Control in 1956 and the Samuel S. Wilks ...
第 xiii 頁
Acknowledgments I am thankful for unusual privileges to work as apprentice to a number of great men, among them Walter A. Shewhart, Harold F. Dodge, ...
Acknowledgments I am thankful for unusual privileges to work as apprentice to a number of great men, among them Walter A. Shewhart, Harold F. Dodge, ...
第 32 頁
3 Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product (Van Nostrand, 1931 ; repr. ed., American Society for Quality Control, 1980; ...
3 Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product (Van Nostrand, 1931 ; repr. ed., American Society for Quality Control, 1980; ...
第 88 頁
The Shewhart cycle. specifications don't tell me what I need to know (programmer). 5. Start as soon as possible to construct with deliberate speed an ...
The Shewhart cycle. specifications don't tell me what I need to know (programmer). 5. Start as soon as possible to construct with deliberate speed an ...
第 89 頁
A loop may now be thrown around three or more stages, to improve everything by study of interaction of changes in one or more stages, again by the Shewhart ...
A loop may now be thrown around three or more stages, to improve everything by study of interaction of changes in one or more stages, again by the Shewhart ...
第 117 頁
Everybody must be on a team to work for improvement of quality in the four steps of the Shewhart cycle shown in Fig. 5 on page 88. 5. ...
Everybody must be on a team to work for improvement of quality in the four steps of the Shewhart cycle shown in Fig. 5 on page 88. 5. ...
第 169 頁
A. Shewhart.1 The difficulty in defining quality is to translate future needs of the user into measurable characteristics, so that a product can be designed ...
A. Shewhart.1 The difficulty in defining quality is to translate future needs of the user into measurable characteristics, so that a product can be designed ...
第 179 頁
... A. Shewhart, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), p. ...
... A. Shewhart, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), p. ...
第 269 頁
3 Stated by Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product (Van Nostrand, 1931 ; American Society for Quality Control, 1980; ...
3 Stated by Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product (Van Nostrand, 1931 ; American Society for Quality Control, 1980; ...
第 277 頁
... A. Shewhart, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), pp. ...
... A. Shewhart, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), pp. ...
第 278 頁
As Shewhart said, the standards of knowledge and workmanship required in industry and public service are more severe than the requirements in pure science. ...
As Shewhart said, the standards of knowledge and workmanship required in industry and public service are more severe than the requirements in pure science. ...
第 279 頁
... A. Shewhart, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), pp. ...
... A. Shewhart, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), pp. ...
第 281 頁
很抱歉，此頁的內容受到限制.
很抱歉，此頁的內容受到限制.
第 300 頁
On the contrary, as Shewhart often remarked, building-codes that differ ever so little from one country to another in Europe, or even from city to city ...
On the contrary, as Shewhart often remarked, building-codes that differ ever so little from one country to another in Europe, or even from city to city ...
第 310 頁
The word to use is not important; the concept is, and this is one of the great contributions that Dr. Shewhart gave to the world. ...
The word to use is not important; the concept is, and this is one of the great contributions that Dr. Shewhart gave to the world. ...
第 313 頁
... A. Shewhart, Statistical M.ethod from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), pp. ...
... A. Shewhart, Statistical M.ethod from the Viewpoint of Quality Control (Graduate School, Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1939; Dover, 1986), pp. ...
第 319 頁
很抱歉，此頁的內容受到限制.
很抱歉，此頁的內容受到限制.
第 320 頁
These remarks apply to the Shewhart control limits. They serve the purpose well in the circumstances met in practice. It is a hazard to use judgment to ...
These remarks apply to the Shewhart control limits. They serve the purpose well in the circumstances met in practice. It is a hazard to use judgment to ...
第 321 頁
A stable process, one with no indication of a special cause of variation, is said to be, following Shewhart, in statistical control, or stable. ...
A stable process, one with no indication of a special cause of variation, is said to be, following Shewhart, in statistical control, or stable. ...
第 368 頁
很抱歉，此頁的內容受到限制.
很抱歉，此頁的內容受到限制.
第 369 頁
Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product, Van Nostrand, 1931; repr. ed., American Society for Quality Control, 1980. ...
Walter A. Shewhart, Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product, Van Nostrand, 1931; repr. ed., American Society for Quality Control, 1980. ...
第 391 頁
A better plan would be to study the process by group therapy and by trying changes suggested with the aid of knowledge of chemistry, following the Shewhart ...
A better plan would be to study the process by group therapy and by trying changes suggested with the aid of knowledge of chemistry, following the Shewhart ...
第 471 頁
... housing, vacancies, housing starts, retail sales, manufacturing. Additional remarks on educational needs of industry. Industry in America (as Shewhart ...
... housing, vacancies, housing starts, retail sales, manufacturing. Additional remarks on educational needs of industry. Industry in America (as Shewhart ...
第 487 頁
2ff. a number of Japanese engineers had acquired appreciation for the contribution to quality and productivity that the Shewhart methods might make to ...
2ff. a number of Japanese engineers had acquired appreciation for the contribution to quality and productivity that the Shewhart methods might make to ...
第 489 頁
... the summer of 1950 in Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Hakata, given by this author, on the methods and philosophy of Shewhart. Sessions with top management and ...
... the summer of 1950 in Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Hakata, given by this author, on the methods and philosophy of Shewhart. Sessions with top management and ...
tne「SHEWHART」的搜尋結果
Remembering Walter A. Shewhart’s Contribution to the Quality World
by Jim L. Smith
March 2, 2009
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Walter A. Shewhart is responsible for making great strides in statistical quality control—and changing the manufacturing industry.
Walter Shewhart was a giant among giants in the quality movement during the first half of the 20th century. His mentoring of other engineers at Western Electric and his groundbreaking work with control charts arguably led a quality revolution and launched the quality profession.
Background
Walter Andrew Shewhart was born to Anton and Esta Barney Shewhart on March 18, 1891, in New Canton, IL. Shewhart died on March 11, 1967, in Troy Hills, NJ. He attended the University of Illinois receiving bachelor’s and master’s degrees. In 1914, he married Edna Hart and moved to California where he earned his doctoral degree in physics while studying as a Whiting Fellow at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1917.
He had brief stints of teaching at University of Illinois, University of California at Berkeley, and La Crosse State Teachers College (renamed Wisconsin State University), but his academic career was short-lived.
In 1918, Shewhart joined the inspection engineering department of the Western Electric Co. in Hawthorne, IL. Western Electric manufactured telephone hardware for Bell Telephone Co. Although no one could have realized it at the time, Shewhart would alter the course of industrial history.
Shewhart was part of a group of people who were all destined to become famous in their time. This group included Harold Dodge and Harry Romig, known for their work on product sampling plans. George D. Edwards, who became the first president of the American Society for Quality Control (renamed American Society for Quality in 1997), was Shewhart’s supervisor.
Shewhart mentored many during his tenure, including Joseph M. Juran. During the summers of 1925 and 1926, W. Edwards Deming worked as an intern at the Hawthorne, IL, plant where he became interested in Shewhart’s work.
Shewhart’s Contribution
Engineers at Bell Telephone had been working to improve the reliability of their transmissions systems. Business dictated a need to reduce the frequency of failures and repairs to their amplifiers, connectors and other equipment that were buried underground. Bell Telephone had already realized that reducing variation in manufacturing processes would have a positive impact on repair costs. At the same time the company determined that continual adjustments in process parameters reacting to non-conformances resulted in increased variation and a degradation of quality.
Bell Telephone’s discoveries in product variation resulted in the institution of an inspection program, ensuring specification and quality standards to avoid sending defective products to customers. Even though this program was somewhat effective, it was very costly to deal with inspecting and sorting of finished goods.
By 1924, Shewhart determined the problem of variability in terms of assignable cause and chance cause (Deming referred to this as common cause). On May 16, 1924, Shewhart prepared a memorandum of less than one page in length and forwarded it to his manager, George Edwards. About 1/3 of the page was devoted to a simple diagram that we would today recognize as a control chart. This memorandum set forth the essential principles and considerations that became known as process quality control.
Shewhart’s principle was that bringing a process into a state of statistical control would allow the distinction between assignable and chance cause variations. By keeping the process in control, it would be possible to predict future output and to economically manage processes. This was the birth of the modern scientific study of process control.
SPC Moves Mainstream
At its creation in 1925, Shewhart moved to the Bell Telephone Laboratories working to advance his theories and to bring together the disciplines of statistics, engineering and economics.
In 1931 he published a book, “Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product.” It challenged the inspection-based approach to quality and introduced the modern era of quality management. Up until this time, statistical process control was largely a Bell Telephone quality tool. Shewhart’s book popularized statistical control and its use then spread throughout industry.
From the 1930s forward, Shewhart’s interests expanded from industrial quality to wider concerns in science and statistical inference. In 1934, W. Edwards Deming and another physicist, Raymond T. Birge, published a paper on measurement error in science. However, after collaboration with Shewhart, they recast their approach and launched a long collaboration between Shewhart and Deming.
Shewhart’s charts were adopted by the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) in 1933. Shewhart and Deming impacted the improvement of production material during World War II in American War Standards Z1.1-1941, Z1.2-1941 and Z1.3-1942. Frequently, he was called upon as a consultant to the U.S. War Department, the United Nations and the government of India.
Deming continued to champion Shewhart’s ideas, methodologies and theories throughout his career. While working with Japan, Deming further developed some of Shewhart’s methodological proposals of scientific interference, which had been named the Shewhart Cycle and was represented by the plan-do-check-act elements.
Shewhart lectured extensively on the subjects of quality control and applied statistics in India, at the University of London, at Stevens Institute of Technology and at the graduate schools of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. He also was a member of many societies and governmental agencies.
During the 1990s Shewhart’s work was rediscovered by a third generation of industrial engineers and managers, and this time it was repackaged and incorporated into the Six Sigma approach.
Shewhart received many honors and awards that include:
- Holley Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
- ASQ’s 1st Honorary Member
- Founding Member and Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics
- Fellow of the American Statistical Association
- Fellow of the International Statistical Institute
- Fellow of the Royal Society of Mechanical Engineers
Upon his death in 1967, there were a multitude of commentaries from many contributors who were themselves important figures in the development of the quality field. An excerpt from a speech by the chairman of the committee that awarded the first ASQ Shewhart Medal captured Shewhart’s character in the following:
“Shewhart’s legacy lives in mementos of him—a simple bowl and some numbered chips, a bronze medal, some books and writings. It lives in the succession of other prominent individuals he influenced, and it lives in the society of professionals who carry on the work he started.”
You can reach Jim L. Smith at faceofquality@qualitymag.com.
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