「華人戴明學院」是戴明哲學的學習共同體 ,致力於淵博型智識系統的研究、推廣和運用。 The purpose of this blog is to advance the ideas and ideals of W. Edwards Deming.

2011年6月30日 星期四

a business is a social system: A Systemic View of Transformational Leadership

隨個人所讀的書
參考點就不一樣
去年的書 "系統與變異"中
1998, A Systemic View of Transformational Leadership
一句摘要
今年決定全文翻譯 約2-3天工夫

The aim proposed here for any organization is for everybody to gain – stockholders, employees, suppliers, customers, community, the environment – over the long term. W. Edwards Deming – New Economics

Most fads and panaceas ignore that a business is a social complex system. It’s purpose is not to satisfy only shareholders, or only customers, or only employees, or only the local community. A business must satisfy everyone!





2011年6月11日 星期六

Know-how

(informal) Know-how is practical knowledge and ability.
The bigger companies have the money, but they don't always have the know-how to get the job done right.
I can operate a computer, but I don't have any technical know-how about them.
也因此,這本書不同於一般管理書籍將重點放在 Know-How上,而是希望給讀者一個大的架構(big picture

Know-how 實踐訣竅,參考Tacit knowledgepersonal knowledge

在哲學家G. Ryle想法,知識首要的在於重視實踐方面的,懂得「如何去落實」的,稱為know-how,它是一種藝術,近似於M. Polanyi所稱的默會知識(tacit knowledge)。相對的知識類稱為know-that,是對道理、系統、形樣、秩序等方面的了解。Gilbert Ryle referred to "knowing how" and "knowing that" (on page 27 of Ryle's 1949 book,The Concept of Mind).

'To make knowledge practical, we must change it into rules of operation. We must move from knowing what is the case, to knowing what to do if we wish to accomplish something. This is the difference between knowing that and know how. Theoretical books If you frequently find words such as "is"…teach you that something is the case. Practical books If you frequently find words such as "should" and "ought," "good" and "bad," "aims" and "methods".teach you how to do something that you want to do or think that you should do." P.32 of M. J. Adler and C. V. Doren " How to Read a Book" Ladder Edition, 1974

LLOYD S. NELSON博士 Journal of Quality Technology書評

2003

Journal of Quality Technology看看 即使只能看些大眾的東西 一定有點收穫

我非會員 所以只能讀

Journal of Quality Technology

Volume 35 • Issue 3 • July 2003

這本季刊是美國品質學會和統計學會共同創設的 1969年以來 編輯作風一致(其創始編輯(FOUNDING EDITOR 1969-70) LLOYD S. NELSON博士 熟悉戴明博士著作的人 對於他可能不會陌生 因為多次感謝他

事實上 台灣品管界的人 很多人更早利用他而不自知 因為在80年代初期 劉振老師就將LLOYD S. NELSON博士發表在JQTSHEWHART管制圖的判定準則等 作成墊版 由台灣的品管學會販售推廣

LLOYD S. NELSON博士一直掛Statistical Consultant (這也是Deming博士唯一的頭銜) JQT除了每期有一主題論文集(時而有專家的評論討論) 另外有三專欄(departments) 分別探討電腦工具如應用程式集(computer programs) 品質技術輔助小道具和知識(technical aids) 書評 (books review) Nelson博士一直是後兩專欄的重要作家和貢獻者

現在仍然是JQT

1969-70

Read Full Article (PDF format)

*FREE ARTICLE*

Joint Optimization of Mean and Standard Deviation Using Response Surface Methods

ONUR KÖKSOY and NECIP DOGANAKSOY

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1969-70

應用創的

TEL 03-2654457

0933-289915

我們能從

Editorial Board

DEPARTMENT EDITORS

JAMES R. SIMPSON

Florida State University

Florida A&M University LLOYD S. NELSON

Computer Programs

Technical Aids

Book Reviews

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Lloyd S. Nelson, Statistical Consultant, Londonderry, NH 03053-3647.

Teaching Statistics, Resources for Undergraduate Instructors edited by Thomas L. Moore. The Mathematical Association of America and The American Statistical Association. ix + 222 pp. $31.95.

THE general problem addressed by this book is how best to teach statistics to beginning students. The authors make the case that the answer is simply data, data, data. That is to say, let the concepts come in through the doorway of data. The book is divided into six sections as follows.

Section 1. Hortatory Imperatives; Section 2. Teaching with Data; Section 3. Established Projects in Active Learning; Section 4. Textbooks; Section 5. Technology; and Section 6. Assessment.

In the first section, the authors make the case for "more data, less lecturing." This sets the tone for the entire book. I believe that anyone who has taught this subject can not have failed to observe that students’ interest is highest when it is focused on data that they themselves have gathered. The purpose of this book is to emphasize this point and to illustrate how to take advantage of it.

There are numerous examples of student projects that are described in detail together with the analyses. This could very well turn out to be the most useful part of the book. My experience is that students very frequently have great difficulty in coming up with good projects, i.e., projects that will have a significant learning component. This book can be a tremendous help in this regard.

A good analogy for this type of teaching and learning can be found in a sport, say tennis. No matter how perfectly the actions of using the racquet are described (including which muscles do what), no description can take the place of a few practice sessions. For those who would like to enjoy optimum popularity with their statistics course, this is the text for them. Oral presentations of projects by the students will give them useful experience. Students will both enjoy the course and learn important working principles that they should and will take with them: and all this from such a modestly priced book!

Lloyd S. Nelson, Statistical Consultant, Londonderry, NH 03053-3647.

Statistical Process Control, The Deming Paradigm and Beyond 2nd edition by James R. Thompson and Jacek Koronacki. Chapman & Hall/ CRC, Boca Raton, FL. 2002. xxii + 431 pp. $89.95.

USING Deming’s ideas, the authors concentrate on illustrating and explaining his philosophy by means of numerical examples taken from real case histories. There are long sections that deal with various historical aspects of quality history that should be of great interest to those in management. Contrariwise, there are sections that are tutorials involving some quite advanced mathematical ideas (for example, "Appendix A: A Brief Introduction to Linear Algebra" and "Appendix B: A Brief Introduction to Stochastics"). I doubt if high-level managers would have any interest in these subjects.

For the engineer deeply involved in statistical process control, this book should be of great interest and considerable help. Many examples of control charts are used and discussed. The authors appear to have a favorite expression for designating an out-ofcontrol point; they repeatedly refer to it as a "Poisson glitch."

It was disappointing to see Evolutionary Operations (EVOP) devalued! The authors state that "Production sta.s are entitled to expect that most production time will be spent in an ‘in control’ situation. To expect production personnel to function almost continuously ‘on the edge’ is not particularly reasonable or desirable." The implication that EVOP causes a process to go out-of-control is misleading. This excellent procedure does not deserve such criticism. It is true that it is not used as much as it should be. But I believe that this is caused by a lack of understanding rather than a desire not to do something that would seem to reduce productivity. On the other hand, the Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm is exemplified very nicely and with considerable attention to detail.

Various probability distributions, both continuous and discrete, are discussed in some detail. Other subjects treated are: bootstrapping, laws of large numbers, moment-generating functions, central limit theorem, conditional density functions, random vectors, quadratic forms of normal vectors, Poisson process, and Bayesian statistics. Tables of the common statistical distributions are provided. Following the Indian philosophy of never producing a perfect piece of work (to avoid angering the gods), the authors have misspelled Student’s name; it is Gosset, not Gossett.

Reviewer: Lloyd S. Nelson, Statistical Consultant, Londonderry, NH 03053-3647.

Statistical Process Control for Health Care by M. K. Hart and R. F. Hart. Duxbury, Pacific Grove, CA. 2002, ix + 343 pp. $77.95.

THE stated objectives for the reader of this book are: (1) to understand the theory of statistical process control; (2) to analyze the data on the computer; and (3) to apply these techniques to real data. The inside back cover states that data sets are available on the Internet at www.duxbury.com/datasets. htm. There are numerous small data sets given in the text to illustrate procedures. However, readers are enjoined to carry out their computations on a computer. Examples are given on how to carry out analyses using two computer packages (Statit and Minitab).

This is a very nicely designed book that would be suitable as a text for a beginning class on control charts. It is also su.ciently self-contained to be well suited for self-teaching. I was pleased to notice that the authors resisted the temptation to explain why the denominator of the expression for the standard deviation is n-1 rather than n. When discussing the arithmetic mean, the old-fashioned descriptive term central tendency is used. It would have been helpful if the modern term (meaning the same thing) location had been introduced.

Excellent examples of real-life data are used. The authors do not just describe their examples; they take the reader through them. Although the examples deal with hospital problems, anyone with the desire to learn about quality control could appreciate the basics that are introduced.

I have one criticism that I think is very important. The authors, in their discussion of control charts, continually refer to the significance (the Type I error probability) associated with points being out of control. Furthermore, they introduce a parallelism between a point being "out of control" on a Shewhart control chart and a "significant" result arising from the application of the analysis of means. The difficulty is that the analysis of means produces a significance test. The control chart is not a significance test in strict statistical parlance. This has been discussed in some detail by Nelson (1999) and Woodall (2000).

A second, much less important, criticism concerns the statement about halfway down page 3; namely, that common-cause variation is due only to random chance. That this is not so is discussed by Tukey and quoted in Nelson (1999). The point is that what is left after removing the special causes is not random but consists of causes of variation that are too small to be of economic interest. Despite these criticisms, however, I would be happy to recommend this book to any beginner with an urge to learn the wonders of control charting.

Reference

Nelson, L. S. (1999). "Notes on the Shewhart Control Chart". Journal of Quality Technology 31, pp. 124–126.

Woodall, W. H. (2000). "Controversies and Contradictions in Statistical Process Control". Journal of Quality Technology 32, pp. 344–378.

Lloyd S. Nelson, Statistical Consultant, Londonderry, NH 03053-3647.

2011年6月9日 星期四

Manufacturing Ideology:Scientific Management in Twentieth-Century Japan

bookjacket

Manufacturing Ideology:
Scientific Management in Twentieth-Century Japan
William M. Tsutsui

Book Description | Reviews


TABLE OF CONTENTS:


Preface

Abbreviations

Introduction3
1The Introduction of Taylorism and the Efficiency Movement, 1911-192714
2The Rationalization Movement and Scientific Management, 1927-193758
3The Wartime Economy and Scientific Management, 1937-194590
4Management and Ideology, 1945-1960122
5The Long Shadow of Taylorism: Labor Relations and "Lean Production," 1945-1973152
6Taylorism Transformed? Scientific Management and Quality Control, 1945-1973190

Epilogue: The Taylorite Roots of "Japanese-Style Management"236

Bibliography245

Index273

Return to Book Description

File created: 4/21/2011

The 16th Annual International Deming Research Seminar,The 17th Annual International Deming Research Seminar,

剛寫完一篇 供大家參考
結論是中原的研究生最被操......


昨天接受英國 KERRIDGE 教授的信。我兩周前向他提「科學推論」的大哉問,可能讓他忙翻了。現在畢業了,真好!因為我以前(1978年)在導師課(一對一)考老師的問題,他們都在學位考卷上回敬我。

2011/6/9 下午台北市一番陣雨── 前二小時還在屋頂灑一桶的水

就這樣巧Joyce N. Orsini 教授寄來的兩年份研究年的資料: The 16th Annual International Deming Research Seminar, New York City, 22-23 February 2010 (封面為大樹林,很可喜。) 以及The 17th Annual International Deming Research Seminar, New York City, 21-22 March, 2011(封面為星雲,這有點隔。)--- 兩年的作者,我可能只知十分之一。

我常想取阿擘說,美國的日常用品中有許多方便的設計,這是文化,也是國力。

譬如說,我第一次接到有點濕透的快遞袋 (不,她用的是美國郵局的便利袋Flat Rate Mailing Envelop)。不過,她在內部有塑膠套,可防潮。

最近寫作順序有點插隊。譬如說,昨天的中原大學演講,我沒想到會趕上本學期的末班車。這,我的習慣是要準備一篇文章和一組 ppt。而今天的美國資料,我根本不敢去讀它們。再怎麼說,類似的「忙」與「插隊」,應該都是幸福的。

2011年6月8日 星期三

鳥瞰20世紀的品質、生產力與系統思考中的變革:一些反思

鳥瞰20世紀的品質、生產力與系統思考中的變革:一些反思

6月15日 下周三 晚上 中原大學

June 15 , The schedule from 700 to 830 PM.

王老師

如前信 如果要演講
我的講題為:

《鳥瞰20世紀的品質、生產力與系統思考中的變革:一些反思( A Note on the Revolution in Quality, Productivity and System Thinking in 20th Century by Hanching Chung)

聽講者四本書任選一::《台灣戴明圈》2008年);《轉型:新經濟學》2009年)、《戴明博士文選》2009年)、《系統與變異:淵博知識與理想設計法》 (2010)


如果有許多朋友參加聚餐和共襄盛舉 可以將一半時間給大想"座談"



郭教授等前輩

這次是我們一些朋友要慶祝晃三兄的節目之一 所以會送與會者每人一書 題上目的
因此 請在本周統計各書 以利我下周一寄書 (請賜知地址及收信人)

我的演講資料如下

鳥瞰20世紀的品質、生產力與系統思考中的變革:一些反思

6月15日??下周三 晚上 中原大學

王老師

如前信 如果要演講
我的講題為:

《鳥瞰20世紀的品質、生產力與系統思考中的變革:一些反思( A Note on the Revolution in Quality, Productivity and System Thinking in 20th Century by Hanching Chung)

聽講者四本書任選一::《台灣戴明圈》2008年);《轉型:新經濟學》2009年)、《戴明博士文選》2009年)、《系統與變異:淵博知識與理想設計法》 (2010)



一種方式是學生參考下述LINK 選書: 周日前EMAIL 告訴我結果 (極少數學生可能要超過一本以上 可以用每本300元購書)

*任選一本
系統與變異: 淵博知識與理想設計法 (2010)
新書 轉型:統計品管可靠性與轉型的新經濟學The Trilogy of the New Eco...新書 轉型:統計品管可靠性與轉型的新經濟學The Trilogy of the New Economics of Dr. Deming 2009


2011年6月1日 星期三

Nature 'is worth billions' to UK

Nature 'is worth billions' to UK

Swan Urban parks and their attractions are worth up to £300 per person each year, the NEA concludes

Related Stories

The UK's parks, lakes, forests and wildlife are worth billions of pounds to the economy, says a major report.

The health benefits of merely living close to a green space are worth up to £300 per person per year, it concludes.

The National Ecosystem Assessment (NEA) says that for decades, the emphasis has been on producing more food and other goods - but this has harmed other parts of nature that generate hidden wealth.

Ministers who commissioned the NEA will use it to re-shape planning policy.

"The natural world is vital to our existence, providing us with essentials such as food, water and clean air - but also cultural and health benefits not always fully appreciated because we get them for free," said Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman.

"The UK NEA is a vital step forward in our ability to understand the true value of nature and how to sustain the benefits it gives us."

The economic benefits of nature are seen most clearly in food production, which depends on organisms such as soil microbes, earthworms and pollinating insects.

If their health declines - as is currently happening in the UK with bees - either farmers produce less food, or have to spend more to produce the same amount.

Either way there is an economic impact; and on average, the costs are growing over time.

Degrading report

Start Quote

Without the environment, we're all dead - so the total value is infinite,”

Ian Bateman UEA

"Humans rely on the way ecosystems services control our climate - pollution, water quality, pollination - and we're finding out that many of these regulating services are degrading," said Bob Watson, chief scientific adviser to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and co-chairman of the NEA.

"About 30% of the key ecosystem services that we rely on are degrading.

"About 20% are getting better, however - our air quality has improved a lot - and what this report says is that we can do a lot better across the board," he told BBC News.

The 1940s saw the beginning of a national drive to increase production of food and other products such as timber.

What are 'ecosystem services'?

Tractor driving through a vineyard (Image: European Environment Agency)
  • The UN recognises four basic categories of ecosystem service that nature provides to humanity:
  • Provisioning - providing timber, wheat, fish, etc
  • Regulating - disposing of pollutants, regulating rainfall, storing carbon
  • Cultural - sacred sites, tourism, enjoyment of countryside
  • Supporting - maintaining soils and plant growth

Although that was successful, the NEA finds there was a price to pay - England, for example, has the smallest percentage of forest cover anywhere in Europe, while many fish stocks are below optimum levels.

The report says the problem arises largely because currently, only material products such as food carry a pricetag in the market.

By calculating the value of less tangible factors such as clean air, clean water and natural flood defences, it hopes to rebalance the equation.

The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) welcomed the assessment.

"The traditional view of economic growth is based on chasing GDP, but in fact we will all end up richer and happier if we begin to take into account the true value of nature," said its conservation director, Martin Harper.

"Of course no-one can put a pounds and pence value on everything in nature - but equally we cannot ignore the importance of looking after it when we are striving for economic growth."

The NEA seeks to include virtually every economic contribution from eight types of landscape, such as woodlands, coasts and urban areas.

It also provides some local flavours by looking at variations across the UK.

Some figures emerge with precision, such as the £430m that pollinating insects are calculated to be worth, or the £1.5bn pricetag on inland wetlands, valued so high because they help to produce clean water.

Other aspects of the evaluation are less precise because the costs and benefits are harder to quantify, and may change over time.

World view

Ian Bateman, an economist from the University of East Anglia who played a principal role in the analysis, said that putting a single price on nature overall was not sensible.

ECOSYSTEMS ACROSS THE UK

Land in each nation broken down by ecosystem


Eng

Scot

Wales

NI

Coastal margins

1.5%

1.1%

2.3%

0.5%

Grasslands

14.4%

18.7%

22.8%

17.2%

Enclosed Farming

55.3%

19.5%

40.9%

43.9%

Freshwater & wetlands

1.0%

1.4%

1.2%

4.9%

Mountain & moorlands

5.3%

43.6%

11.8%

16.5%

Urban

10.6%

1.9%

4.2%

4.2%

Woodlands

9.5%

15.3%

13.4%

13.4%

Source: UK National Ecosystem Assessment

"Without the environment, we're all dead - so the total value is infinite," he said.

"What is important is the value of changes - of feasible, policy-relevant changes - and those you can put numbers on."

The full 2,000-page report is stacked full of such numbers. The government intends to use some of them in its forthcoming Natural Environment White Paper and other initiatives that could reform urban and rural planning.

Professor Watson said this did not imply an end to development, but that costs and benefits of each proposed development could be assessed more accurately in advance.

"Urban green space, for example, is unbelievably important - if affects the value of houses, it affects our mental wellbeing.

"This report is saying 'this has got incredible value, so before you start converting green space into building, think through what the economic value is of maintaining that green space' - or the blue space, the ponds and the rivers."

On the global stage, several countries have previously evaluated the economic worth of specific factors such as forests or fisheries.

And two international studies - the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) and The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (Teeb) - have given broader views of society's environmental trajectory, and the costs and benefits.

But the UK is the first nation to produce such a detailed assessment across the piece.

More on This Story

Related Stories

網誌存檔