台灣戴明圈 351-355

台灣戴明圈 355 與SIMON通過信討論他為何敬仰羅斯福總統 他說許多政事都是精心試驗 Social experimentation, program evaluation, and public policy / volume and series editor Maureen A. Pirog 354 Adopting effective tactics for workplace performance The Punch 奈及利亞 ... writes, ”When an employee is failing at work, I ask the W. Edwards Deming question, ”What about if the work system is causing the person to fail? ...

Renewing the Republic Irish Times Too late in the day, I suspect, I advise Dr Brady and the SMT to read, and understand, the two books by W Edwards Deming published by MIT Press非也. ...

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The Mozart effect can refer to:

• A set of research results that indicate that listening to Mozart's music may induce a short-term improvement on the performance of certain kinds of mental tasks known as "spatial-temporal reasoning;"^[1]
• Popularized versions of the theory, which suggest that "listening to Mozart makes you smarter", or that early childhood exposure to classical music has a beneficial effect on mental development;
• A US trademark for a set of commercial recordings and related materials, which are claimed to harness the effect for a variety of purposes. The trademark owner, Don Campbell, Inc.,^[2] claims benefits far beyond improving spatio-temporal reasoning or raising intelligence, defining the mark as "an inclusive term signifying the transformational powers of music in health, education, and well-being."

The term was first coined by Alfred A. Tomatis who used Mozart's music as the listening stimulus in his work attempting to cure a variety of disorders. The approach has been popularized in a book by Don Campbell, and is based on an experiment published in Nature suggesting that listening to Mozart temporarily boosted students' IQ by 8 to 9 points.^[3] As a result, the Governor of Georgia, Zell Miller, proposed a budget to provide every child born in Georgia with a CD of classical music.

奧研究︰聽莫札特 不會長智慧

〔編譯魏國金／綜合十日外電報導〕一九九三年一份發表在知名期刊「自然」的研究指出，聽 莫札特音樂的青少年推理表現優於聽其他音樂的同輩，然而最近一份研究卻對所謂「莫札特效應」提出了否證。該研究主持人維也納大學心理學系的皮耶希尼說，刺 激才是關鍵。

新研究顯示 關鍵在刺激

十七年前加州大學的 研究人員發現，聆聽莫札特Ｄ大調雙鋼琴奏鳴曲的青少年，推理測驗的成績較聽其他音樂，或者待在靜室的同齡者優異，該研究對象僅三十六名。

當 年這份研究一經發表，導致美國的托兒所開始為孩童播放古典音樂，喬治亞州甚至贈與新生兒一張古典音樂ＣＤ。

然而此後許多研究顯示，「莫札特 效應」是個迷思，因為無法得出相同的效果。

最近，維也納大學的心理學系分析一九九三年以來，企圖再現莫札特效應的所有研究，結果發現沒有證 據證明該效應的存在。

流行音樂也有相同效果

維也納的研究團 隊檢視達四十份相關研究報告，而研究對象涵括三千人。皮耶希尼指出︰「聽音樂的組員，不管是聽莫札特、巴哈、『珍珠果醬合唱團』或其他音樂，測試結果都優 於靜音組，但我們早已知道，人有刺激，就會有較好的表現。」

皮耶希尼強調，「我建議每個人聽莫札特，但這不會像某些人期待那樣增進認知能 力。」

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Justing 傳過來文章說 沒有朋友的人真恐怖

中國的情形
"他还向听众提出了一个务实的建议：认识的人最好不要太多，尤其不要对同学和朋友要求"私下帮忙"，以免让对方尴尬。"

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