George E.P. Box
Accomplishments in statistics
"George Box is, in the field of the quality sciences, the consummate 'Renaissance man' who has made significant and enduring contributions to the profession of quality control and the allied arts and sciences," Frank Caplan, then-editor of Quality Engineering, said. "[His] contributions encompass considerable scope and have already had lasting effect." Box was named an Honorary member in 1996.
A statistician with more than five decades of experience, Box is a native of Gravesend, England. His career started with the British Army Engineers. During World War II, he was responsible for performing biochemical determinations on the effect of poison gases on small animals. Box was a chemistry student, not a statistician, and when his tests produced varied results, he requested the aid of a statistician. A statistician was unavailable, Box was told. He would have to learn to do it himself, and learn he did.
Box contacted correspondence schools and found no courses on statistics available in 1942, but he was able to secure a list of books on the subject. Reading those books provided him with techniques and concepts to apply to his experiments. The sophistication he demonstrated with his experiments was noticed and in 1946 he received the British Empire Medal.
After the war, Box obtained his bachelor's degree in mathematics and statistics from University College. While working on his master's degree, he accepted a summer position with Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). Box was responsible for proofreading the copy for a book on industrial experimentation that ICI was publishing. His many changes and improvements to the book resulted in his being named co-author of the text.
Box eventually became head of the statistical techniques research section of ICI and earned his doctorate. Many of the theories and concepts he introduced at ICI were included in his thesis. Research experimentation was not the only area at ICI that benefited from his presence. He also had a positive effect on the chemical and mechanical processes in the manufacturing areas of the organization. The results of his work in that area spawned co-authorship of a paper for theJournal of the Royal Statistical Society in 1951.
That paper caught the attention of Frank Grubbs at the U.S. Army Research Office. Grubbs arranged for Box to become a visiting research professor for the Institute of Statistics at the University of North Carolina.
Involvement With ASQ
Box encouraged the creation of a journal devoted to statistics and statistical implications. ASQ and the American Statistical Association (ASA) responded to his encouragement by creating Technometrics.
In 1960, Box moved to Madison, WI, where he was professor and first chairman of the statistics department at the University of Wisconsin. His many accomplishments in the field of statistics earned him ASQ's Shewhart Medal in 1968.
Box continued his teaching through the 1970s, first as a visiting professor at the University of Essex in England. Then, in 1971, he was appointed to the Ronald Aylmer Fisher chair of statistics at the University of Wisconsin in Madison. He maintained his involvement with the University of Wisconsin with an appointment as professor of industrial engineering. He eventually joined the university's Center for Quality and Productivity Improvement, first as director and later as director of research; he is now professor emeritus.
Over the years, Box has published numerous articles and papers, and he is the author or co-author of many books. He is a three-time recipient of ASQ's Brumbaugh Award, twice received the Youden Prize of ASQ's Chemical and Process Industri
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George Edward Pelham Box (born 18 October, 1919) is a statistician, who has made important contributions to the areas of quality control,time series analysis, design of experiments and Bayesian inference.
Box has written research papers and published books. These includeStatistics for Experimenters (1978), Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control (1979, with Gwilym Jenkins) and Bayesian Inference in Statistical Analysis. (1973, with George C. Tiao). Today, his name is associated with important results in statistics such as Box-Jenkins models, Box-Cox transformations, Box-Behnken designs and numerous others.
The often quoted phrase, "Essentially, all models are wrong, but some are useful", is attributed to Box.[1]
Biographical history
He was born in Gravesend, Kent, England and trained as a chemist. During World War II, he worked on biochemical experiments on the effect of poison gases on small animals for the British Army. He needed statistical advice to analyze the results of his experiments but could not find a statistician who could give him guidance, so he taught himself statistics from available texts. After the war, he enrolled atUniversity College London and obtained a bachelor's degree in mathematics and statistics. He received a Ph.D. from the University of London in 1953.
From 1948 to 1956, Box worked as a statistician for Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). While at ICI, he took a leave of absence for a year and served as a visiting professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He later went to Princeton University where he served as Director of the Statistical Research Group.
In 1960, Box moved to the University of Wisconsin–Madison to create the Department of Statistics. He was appointed Vilas Research Professor of Statistics (the highest honor accorded to any faculty member at the University of Wisconsin–Madison) in 1980. Box and Bill Hunter co-founded the Center for Quality and Productivity Improvement at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1984. Box officially retired in 1992, becoming an Emeritus Professor.
Box married Joan Fisher, the second of Ronald Fisher's five daughters. In 1978, Joan Fisher Box published a biography of Ronald Fisher, with substantial collaboration of George Box.[2]
Professional recognition: offices and awards
George Box served as President of the American Statistical Association in 1978 and of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics in 1979. He received the Shewhart Medal from the American Society for Quality Control in 1968, the Wilks Memorial Award from the American Statistical Association in 1972, the R. A. Fisher Lectureship in 1974, and the Guy Medal in Gold from the Royal Statistical Society in 1993. George Box was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1974 and a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1979.
See also
Notes
References
External links
For Box's PhD students see
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