Joseph M. Juran 死去（斷續之追念之一 2008/2015）

作者:  Butman, John
     書名:  Juran : a lifetime of influence
     索書號: TS140.J87 B88 1997
     條碼 : 2120096
     總圖4F科技資料區 到期: 11-30-2015

     作者:  吉南
     書名:  品質創造大師朱蘭
     索書號: 494.56 4040
     條碼 : 2552788
     總圖4F科技資料區 到期: 11-30-2015



Joseph M. Juran 死去（斷續之追念之一）

2008/3/1 從晃三兄轉送之mail知道J. M. JURAN（我們簡稱他「朱蘭」先生）高齡103歲於2月28日過世。我從網路上再取得A/P報社和美國Quality雜誌發表的訃聞，稍微知道一些細節。

我將此信轉W. W. Scherkenbach，他隔天回信說謝謝。【他的著作戴明修練I 建議，應該將Pareto Principle改稱為 Juran Principle……】我幾番應用它，參考：關鍵重點(1999/07)2004和讀物中重要的少數和有用的多數。

我印象中最深刻的是，他跟兒子Donald Juran說，Juran常告誡他說：「你手中一定要有專案來幹活」（. "He always told me, 'Never be without a project,' and he never was," Donald Juran. Said. 「朱蘭」先生忙到過世，都有事（project）做。）

我在1980年代初翻譯過「朱蘭先生」1981年6月11日在「歐洲品質組織 第25屆年會」發表的主題演說：『為西方的產品品質把脈、開方』（N. Sasaki 和 D. Hutchins《日本式的品質管理—應用在歐美廠商的個案》鍾漢清編譯，台北：新世界出版社，1985，頁161-180），他認為日本品質革命成功的三大要素之一是「他們養成一專案接一專案（project by project）的改善習慣」。

他一生最成功的projects可說不少呢。我以後再細說。作為作家和品質管理的教育/訓練專家的Juran博士，以他獨特的方面建構出他的「論說」之「品質學諸堤防」

（詳後並待補）

我想住是朱蘭先生百歲的「苦幹成功之秘訣」；我們或許該戲稱他是「」。至於他是否能像the secular bird 不死之鳳凰(阿拉伯傳說)般，有不朽的名声（secular fame）呢？

其實，這不重要，所以改一首蘇東坡"薄薄酒”當紀念：

「生前富貴，死後文章，
百年瞬息萬世忙，
是非憂樂兩都忘。」（改）

我引用過：「…….百萬生靈，其性命全係於一線之堤。……」（「戴名世遺文集」 北京：中華，2002，頁114）---這可作為J. M. Juran 的著名比喻："life behind the quality dikes"的最佳說明。這是 J. M. Juran 在1970年的文章{消費者主義與產品品質}提出的觀念：他認為現代社會生活是在品質之堤的保護之下，才安全無虞。

2006年（47屆）日本的『品質月（11月）』的「第一線職場」之主題，還提出它，不過dikes忘記加複數而用Life behind quality dike。

2015.11.29：宋司馬光《言王中正劄子》：“夫法如隄防，常應完固，迺得無患。”
此比喻，比J. M. Juran 的 "life behind the quality dikes"早千年，

我想應該將他的故事發揚光大，所以說個故事：

『為了響應「說故事」教育法，我就轉引天才數學家戴森(Freeman
J. Dyson , 1923-) 的自傳《宇宙波瀾》（Disturbing the Universe, 1979）的一則故事。他憶起小時太沈迷於數學的學習，他母親怕他「從未有時間交朋友，不知道與別人分享成功、喜悅等」，就跟他講了哥德《浮士德》第二部一小段：

浮士德但求能有個真正歡樂的時刻，他上窮碧落下黃泉，會了各種神話人物，甚至當過將軍：晚年老了，瞎了，到荷蘭一小村落，看見該村全體奮不顧身地為保護鄉土 對抗海水，浮士德就和他們一齊投入搶救工作中，他突然意識到，這就是他終生夢寐以求的極樂時刻。後來，戴森有機會自己讀《浮士德》，才驚覺到，「原來深深 印在我腦海中的荷蘭村民在堤上奮戰的那一幕景象，主要應歸功於我母親的想像力，而不是哥德的筆觸。哥德的描寫，倒是很平淡的。遺憾的是，哥德從未聽到我母 親對他這個故事的（創造）講法。」』教育人行道 13號 On Educating, No. 13

小說Juran博士的一些「不太成功」之專案：

「calculated risks」

『轉危為安』 第六章『品質與消費者(Quality and the Consumer)』（1986，有增益，。1982年版為第11章。）1986版有增益，譬如說spiral up，1950年的講義為The new way.，到1986年版的圖10說：The helix. Continue the cycle, over and over, with never-ending improvement of quality, at lower and lower cost.中文本（1997）第208頁： 螺旋圖、不斷地循環進行四個步驟，改善品質並使成本越來越低。（改譯過）

「品質計劃」錄影帶教學

Rolls-Royce announces recall - for one car

"Ideological Antecedents of the Rolls-Royce Radiator," an eccentric essay remarking on how such influences as cathedral architecture and illuminated manuscripts somehow led to the famous car radiator that Panofsky reveres as the summation of "twelve centuries of Anglo-Saxon preoccupations and aptitudes."-Three Essays on Style Paperback – February 28, 1997
by Erwin Panofsky (Author), Irving Lavin (Editor)

Rolls-Royce announces recall - for one car

Car maker recalls a single Ghost, costing £231,730, in order to repair airbags

The 2014 Rolls-Royce Ghost Photo: James Lipman : jameslipman.com

By Andrew Trotman

9:55PM GMT 10 Nov 2015

7 Comments

Another day, another car company announcing a recall.

Everyone seems to be at it these days - Volkswagen, Toyota, Porsche, BMW, Nissan, the list goes on and on.

Those global giants have recalled millions of vehicles over the past few years.

But there are exceptions. And with so many companies asking for drivers to return their cars so faults can be fixed, it appears that Rolls-Royce was feeling a bit left out.

So, the luxury car maker has joined in the latest trend by issuing its own recall - for one car.

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^{The recall notice}

In a letter issued by the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Rolls - owned by BMW - announced it was recalling a single Ghost, made in 2014, because of an issue with the airbags.

"Rolls BMW of North America is recalling one model year 2015 Rolls-Royce Ghost manufactured on January 23, 2014," the letter reads.

Rolls-Royce Ghost Series II rear

"The affected vehicle has thorax air bags fitted to both front seats that may fail to meet the side impact performance requirements for the front seat occupants. As such, this vehicle may fail to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 214, 'Side Impact Protection'."

A Rolls-Royce dealer "will replace the driver-side and passenger-side thorax air bag modules, free of charge", the letter adds - It's probably the least they can do, seeing as the car costs £231,730.

Rolls-Royce Ghost Series II dashboard

According to the Financial Times, which first reported the story, the affected car had left its factory in Goodwood, East Sussex, in January 2014 but its North American owner had not yet taken delivery.

The issue “was due to the incorrect labelling on one of the airbags”, a Rolls spokesman told the FT.

Rolls-Royce Ghost Series II side

Rolls, which sold 4,000 cars last year, officially unveiled the Ghost in 2009. The 2014 model boasts a 6.6-litre twin-turbo V12, eight-speed automatic gearbox and can reach 62mph in just 4.9 seconds.

The entry-level car has an electronically-limited top speed of 155mph, which is probably why you need airbags that work...

三星 Galaxy S6 Edge 被 Google 找出 11 處漏洞

多數 Android 手機製造商為了與對手做出差異化，通常會選擇在原生 Android 系統上增加一些特色功能，而在增加代碼的同時，自然也可能引來安全漏洞。

三星 Galaxy S6 Edge 被 Google 找出 11 處漏洞

喜歡生產高階 Android 機型的三星在把蘋果當做競爭對手時，往往不太注意自身產品的內在品質。最近，Google 的 Project Zero 團隊經過一周的研究，就在三星的 Galaxy S6 Edge 中發現了 11 個安全性漏洞。 對於像三星這樣的諸多 Android 手機製造商來說，...

TECHNEWS.TW

Made-in-China Quality Is Not Good Enough, Lexus Says

Made-in-China Quality Is Not Good Enough, Lexus Says
Craig Trudell crtrud
Yuki Hagiwara
November 4, 2015 — 5:00 AM CSTUpdated on November 4, 2015 — 9:10 AM CST
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An employee inspects the paint finish of a Lexus NX SUV at the Miyata plant in Fukuoka Prefecture. Lexus has long prided itself for home-grown craftsmanship, with artisans on Japan assembly lines donning white gloves and honing years of factory experience before being entrusted to handle final inspections.
Photographer: Kiyoshi Ota/Bloomberg





Import duties make Lexus cars pricier in China than BMW, Audi
U.S. plant became No. 2 Lexus factory outside Japan last month




Car buyers in China may have to wait decades before Toyota Motor Corp. begins producing Lexus luxury cars locally, as the world’s largest automaker wagers they’ll favor made-in-Japan vehicles as a guarantee of quality.

While BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi all manufacture in China, Lexus has stuck to shipping finished models from Japan, incurring import taxes that make its offerings more costly. The brand remains a holdout from building locally despite indications of significant improvement in China’s auto manufacturing credentials.

“There’s too much quality risk in China to produce there,” Takashi Yamamoto, executive vice president of Lexus International and an engineer who’s worked at Toyota for 33 years. The company also still has to improve the brand’s awareness and standing among consumers. “When that difficulty is gone, maybe local production is likely to be launched in China, maybe several decades later,” he said.


As long as Lexus continues to resist building vehicles in China, it prolongs pricing disadvantages relative to locally produced German luxury cars. Import duties help push up the starting price of the Lexus IS sedan to about 369,000 yuan ($58,200). That’s a premium of about 30 percent over BMW’s 3-Series, and 35 percent more than Audi’s A4, according to auto-pricing website Autohome.

Toyota rose 1.4 percent to 7,482 yen at 9:51 a.m. in Tokyo trading, matching the gain for the benchmark Topix index.

The hesitation by Lexus contrasts with data that show the quality of vehicles made in China has improved over the years to rival those in developed markets. Standards have risen as international automakers set up plants in the country and shared expertise and manufacturing processes with their local joint venture partners.

The 5 Series cars produced at BMW’s plant in Shenyang in northeastern China have won top ranking in J.D. Power & Associates’ quality award for the past four years. The same plant has also helped a South African factory raise efficiency and reduce defect rates at its paint shop.



New-vehicle owners reported 105 problems per 100 vehicles in J.D. Power’s China initial quality study, released last week. The number of problems reported has fallen from 168 in 2010, and was lower than the 112 industry average for the U.S. market this year.

“It doesn’t necessarily mean that China vehicles have better quality, but it shows the competitiveness of the China-produced vehicles,” Geoff Broderick, an automotive analyst for J.D. Power, wrote in an e-mail. More experienced production line workers, increased automation and more use of standardized quality-control processes have improved the quality of vehicles built in China, he said.

Lexus has long prided itself for home-grown craftsmanship, with artisans on Japan assembly lines donning white gloves and honing years of factory experience before being entrusted to handle final inspections. Toyota’s view that quality can be better controlled from its home market contributed to the 26-year lag between Lexus first beginning sales in the U.S. and starting production in the country.

Toyota’s Kentucky factory began assembling Lexus ES sedans last month, joining a plant in Ontario, Canada, as the luxury brand’s only production sites outside Japan.
‘Common Ground’

“Americans and Canadians have a tradition, a history of building and manufacturing automobiles, so mentality-wise we have some common ground,” Yamamoto, 57, said in an interview last week at the Tokyo Motor Show. “Chinese people, their history of building automobiles is rather short, so it’s so difficult to locally build a high-quality car there.”

Higher prices have held back Lexus sales in a market that has been a source of explosive growth for BMW AG, Volkswagen AG’s Audi and Daimler AG’s Mercedes-Benz. While Lexus set an annual global sales record of 583,000 vehicles last year, less than 15 percent of deliveries were in China. BMW sold more vehicles in China than Lexus did worldwidein 2014.

Exposure to China’s auto market has been a detriment to some automakers’ share prices this year, as slower sales growth has led some companies to discount their vehicles. Lexus can better control its pricing by importing than the German companies producing millions of vehicles in China, Yamamoto said.

“Made-in-Japan guarantees quality,” he said. “If you shift to made-in-China, there could be some peripheral issues accompanied with this.”